1/10
Preventive disease specialists working in a developing country are investigating vaccination options to Iimit the spread of poliomyelitis. As part of the study, 2 patients are vaccinated against poliomyelitis. One patient receives an intramuscular inactivated vaccine and the other patient receives a live attenuated oral vaccine.one month afther vaccination, the levels of which of the following poliovirus antibodies will differ the most between these 2 patients?
- CerebrospinalfluidIgG
- DuodenalluminallgA
- SerumIgA
- SerumlgG
- SerumIgM
2/10
A 37-year-old man comes to the emergency department because of increasing pain and tenderness in his,right forearm. During a bar brawl 6 days earlier, he sustained a 4-cm laceration through the skin and subcutaneous tissue of his forearm. Treatment at the time of injury included cleaning and dressing the wound. Physical examination shows erythema surrounding the wound site and expression of yellow pus wnen pressure is applied adjacent to the wound. Which of the following molecules is most likely involved in mediating the accumulation of pus?
- Bradykinin
- C3a
- IL-3
- IL-8
- IL-10
- LeukotrieneC
3/10
A 46-year-old Caucasian male presents to your office with a slowly growing neck mass. The mass is stony hard on palpation and seems to be fixed to the adjacent tissues. After initial evaluation, combination chemotherapy is prescribed to the patient. Several weeks later the mass sianificantly decreases in size, and biopsy demonstrates many shrunken eosinophilic cells within the tumor. Which of the following substances released from mitochondria most likely triggered the observed cellular changes?
- Hemosiderin
- Fas(CD95)
- Cytochromec
- Succinatedehydrogenase
- Superoxidedismutase
- Lipoxygenase
4/10
A 28-year-old primigravid woman comes to the physician for a routine prenatal checkup at 28 weekS gestation. She is doing well and comes with a list of questions regarding her diet, exercise, and lifestyle. Physical examination shows a uterine size concordant with ultrasound dates, and fetal cardiac activity is In the normal range. After reviewing the results of her laboratory evaluations, the physician administers an injection of anti-Rh(O) immunoglobulin. The administered antibodies most likely belong to which of the following immunoglobulin classes?
- IgA
- IgO
- IgE
- IgG
- IgM
5/10
A 1-year-old Caucasian male has suffered repeated lower respiratory infections over the last four months,He has also developed persistent diarrhea recently and G. lamblia is demonstrated in his duodenal aspirate.His serum immunoglobulin level is very low.
Candida extract injection intradermally results in a large indurated nodule in 48 hours. This patient's lymph nodes most likely lack which of the following structures?
Candida extract injection intradermally results in a large indurated nodule in 48 hours. This patient's lymph nodes most likely lack which of the following structures?
- Outercortex
- Germinalcenters
- Paracorticalzone
- Subcapsularsinuses
- Trabeculae
6/10
A 56-year-old man hospitalized in the intensive care unit ose being evaluates for feve.He was admitted 8 days ago with respiratory failure and has had a complicated hospital course, including mechanical ventilation.central venous line placement, and broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy. The patient has a history of HIV and a hematologic malignancy. His last chemotherapy session was 2 weeks ago.Chest x-ray does not reveal a new infiltrate,and urine cultures are negative for infection. Blood cultures grow pseudohyphae-producing yeast species with an ability to form germ tubes.Which of the following most likely directly contributed to the development of fungemia in this patient?
- Complement deficiency
- Hypogammaglobulinemia
- Low eosinophil count
- Low neutrophil count
- LowT-Iymphocytecount
7/10
In an experiment, laboratory animals are subjected to a toxic insult that specifically targets the protein kinesin. Which of the following is most likely to be absent from tissues on histological examination as a result?
- Nissl substance in pyramidal neurons
- Secretory vesicles in nerve terminals
- T-tubules in skeletal muscle cells
- Desmosomes in epithelial lining cells
- Microvilli in intestinal epithelial cells
8/10
A 56-year-old man with a 7-week history of hemiplegia and expressive aphasia has a CT imaging study that reveals an area of hypodensity in his brain.A section of tissue from this region is obtained. Histologic findings after staining for lipids are shown in the photograph below.
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The cells marked most intensely by the lipid stain represent which of the following cell types?
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The cells marked most intensely by the lipid stain represent which of the following cell types?
- Oligodendrocytes
- Ependymal cells
- Fibroblasts
- Astrocytes
- Schwann cells
- Microglia
9/10
Physicians involved in regenerative medicine research conduct a series of animal experiments to determine pulmonary tissue regeneration capacity. During one of the experiments,lung alveoli are exposed to NO2, and massive necrosis of the epithelial lining ensues. Histologic examination of the injured tissues a month later shows partial recovery of the alveolar epithelial lining. This regenerated tissue is most likely derived from which of the following cell types?
- Alveolar macrophages
- Ciliated epithelium
- Club cells
- Goblet cells
- Type I pneumocytes
- Type II pneumocytes
10/10
A substance is developed that selectively destroys the lamellar bodies of type II pneumocytes. Experimental animals exposed to the substance are most likely to develop:
- Emphysema
- Bronchoconstriction
- Patchy atelectasis
- Pulmonary hypertension
- Malignancy
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